H.M.S. Orion (1910)
H.M.S. Orion (1910) | |
---|---|
Pendant Number: | 52 (1914) 91 (Jan 1918) 86 (Apr 1918)[1] |
Builder: | Portsmouth Royal Dockyard[2] |
Ordered: | 1909 Programme[3] |
Laid down: | 29 Nov, 1909[4] |
Launched: | 20 Aug, 1910[5] |
Commissioned: | 2 Jan, 1912 |
Sold: | 19 Dec, 1922[6] |
Fate: | Scrapped |
Early History
H.M.S. Orion was one of eight armoured vessels authorised in 1909 and one of four Orion Class Battleship and was built at Portsmouth Royal Dockyard.[7] She was laid down on 29 November 1909 and launched on 20 August 1910.[8][9] She had a displacement of 22,500 tons and was the first vessel to be mounted with a 13.5-inch Mk II mountings for her main battery guns.[7][10] Her acceptance trial was concluded on 25 November 1911.[7] A few weeks later on 12 December 1911 eighteen officers and men were injured when an explosion occurred onboard while Orion was at Portsmouth.[7] She was launched on 2 January 1912.
Career
Commander Julian Francis Chichester Patterson, 1914-1917 (Gunnery Officer)
In 24-25 August 1915, Orion won the Second Battle Squadron Pulling Regatta at Scapa. Dreyer rowed in boats that proved victorious in the Officers' Cutter Race and the Officers' Veterans Skiff Race. The ship also won the 2BS Sailing Regatta held on 23 September.[11]
Jutland
Secondary Battery
Orion differed from her sisters in using a P IV* mounting (as in the Colossus class) rather than a P II* mounting for her sixteen 4-in guns. Their details can be found here.
Torpedoes
The ships had three 21-in submerged torpedo tubes. Orion's broadside tubes were angled at 90 degrees, unlike her sisters, whose were angled 10 degrees in advance of the beam.[12]
Searchlights
In late 1913, two 24-in Automatic Motor Lamps manufactured by Messrs. Clarke, Chapman * Co. Ltd., a model which had recently been trialled in Vernon, were to be installed in the ship at Devonport Royal Dockyard for a three-month trial.[13]
Alterations
In 1913, Orion was slated as part of the seventeen ship order to receive a director for her main battery. It was fitted in late April or early May, 1915 during a weeklong refit in Devonport, and the wiring was completed in May at Scapa Flow. Very soon thereafter, a test of six half salvoes in Scapa demonstrated mean patterns of 200 yards at 12,000 yards.[14][15][16]
In October 1913, it was decided that the 4-in mountings should also have buzzers for their firing circuits.[17]
In late 1913, the ship landed a Pattern 873 Zeiss stereo spotting telescope Mark II at Portsmouth in order to take on a Ross model of the same pattern for a three-month comparative evaluation.[18]
In late 1914, it was decided that Orion should receive one of 22 Open Director Sights for her "Q" turret. It was fitted between April 1916 and June 1917.[19]
In 1915, it was also decided to outfit her 4-in battery with director firing as a test, as resources did not permit wholesale support of the ships with 4-in secondaries. However, this installation did not actually occur until mid-1918.[20] It seems that Orion was the only capital ship in the Royal Navy to have a director for a 4-in secondary battery.
Decommission
On 19 December 1922, Orion was decommissioned and sold off.[21]
Captains
Dates of appointment are provided when known.
- Captain Arthur W. Craig, 9 September, 1911.[22]
- Captain Frederic C. Dreyer, 28 October, 1913.[23]
- Captain Oliver Backhouse, 14 October, 1915.[24]
- Captain Eric J. A. Fullerton, 14 December 1916.[25]
- Captain Cecil Horace Pilcher, December 1918.[26]
- Captain Robert A. Hornell, 1 April, 1919.[27]
- Captain Robert Cecil Hamilton, September 1920.[28]
See Also
Footnotes
- ↑ Dittmar; Colledge. British Warships 1914–1919. p. 33.
- ↑ Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. p. 28.
- ↑ Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. p. 28.
- ↑ Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. p. 28.
- ↑ Dittmar; Colledge. British Warships 1914–1919. p. 33.
- ↑ Dittmar; Colledge. British Warships 1914–1919. p. 33.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Explosion at the Orion. The Times (London, England), Wednesday, Dec 13, 1911; pg. 7; Issue 39767.
- ↑ Dittmar; Colledge. British Warships 1914–1919. p. 33.
- ↑ Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. p. 28.
- ↑ Hodges. The Big Gun. p. 62.
- ↑ Dreyer. The Sea Heritage: A Study of Maritime Warfare, p. 95.
- ↑ Annual Report of the Torpedo School, 1917. p. 190.
- ↑ Admiralty Weekly Order No. 702 of 5 Dec, 1913.
- ↑ The Technical History and Index, Vol. 3, Part 23. pp. 9-10.
- ↑ Dreyer. The Sea Heritage. pp. 94-95.
- ↑ Burt. British Battleships of World War One. p. 140.
- ↑ Admiralty Weekly Order No. 569 of 17 Oct, 1913.
- ↑ Admiralty Weekly Order No. 662 of 21 Nov, 1913.
- ↑ The Technical History and Index, Vol. 3, Part 23. p. 18.
- ↑ The Technical History and Index, Vol. 3, Part 23. pp. 16-7.
- ↑ Dittmar; Colledge. British Warships 1914–1919. p. 33.
- ↑ Waller Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 207.
- ↑ The Navy List (December, 1914). p. 364.
- ↑ The Navy List (December, 1916). p. 396h.
- ↑ The Navy List (December, 1918). p. 856.
- ↑ Mackie, Colin. ROYAL NAVY WARSHIPS.
- ↑ The Monthly Navy List (August, 1919). p. 855.
- ↑ Mackie, Colin. ROYAL NAVY WARSHIPS.
Bibliography
- Dittmar, F.J.; Colledge, J.J. (1972). British Warships 1914–1919. London: Ian Allan.
- Corbett, Sir Julian S. (1920). Naval Operations. Volume I. London: Longmans, Green and Co..
- Admiralty, Technical History Section (1919). The Technical History and Index: Fire Control in H.M. Ships. Vol. 3, Part 23. C.B. 1515 (23) now O.U. 6171/14. At The National Archives. ADM 275/19.
- Parkes, O.B.E., Ass.I.N.A., Dr. Oscar (1990). British Battleships 1860–1950. London: Pen & Sword Ltd. ISBN 0850526043. (on Bookfinder.com).
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