Difference between revisions of "Naval Intelligence Department (Royal Navy)"

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N.B.&mdash;The functions of the Intelligence Department are purely advisory, and in no sense executive.<ref>"Table of Distribution of Business.  Admiralty."  p. 10.  Copy in Greene Papers.  National Maritime Museum.  GEE/2.</ref></blockquote>
 
N.B.&mdash;The functions of the Intelligence Department are purely advisory, and in no sense executive.<ref>"Table of Distribution of Business.  Admiralty."  p. 10.  Copy in Greene Papers.  National Maritime Museum.  GEE/2.</ref></blockquote>
  
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In March, 1900, a third Assistant Director was appointed ([[Charles John Briggs|Charles J. Briggs]]) in charge of a new section, called the Defence Division.  Prince Louis of Battenberg described its duties in a letter to Sir John Fisher as "[dealing] with the plans of campaign and our strategy for peace and war, and as a matter of course its Head works more directly under the D.N.I.  Until it was established the D.N.I. had no understudy for this important branch, and he was forced to do all this personally."<ref>Battenberg to Fisher.  Letter of 11 February, 1902.  Quoted in Kerr.  p. 162.</ref>  In 1902 a Trade Division under a fourth Assistant Director was added to consider the defence of British trade during War.<ref>''Naval Staff''.  p. 42.</ref>  In 1905 a Coastal Defence section was added to the War Division.
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In March, 1900, a third Assistant Director was appointed in charge of a new section, called the Defence Division, later the War Division.  Prince Louis of Battenberg described its duties in a letter to Sir John Fisher as "[dealing] with the plans of campaign and our strategy for peace and war, and as a matter of course its Head works more directly under the D.N.I.  Until it was established the D.N.I. had no understudy for this important branch, and he was forced to do all this personally."<ref>Battenberg to Fisher.  Letter of 11 February, 1902.  Quoted in Kerr.  p. 162.</ref>  In 1902 a Trade Division under a fourth Assistant Director was added to consider the defence of British trade during War.<ref>''Naval Staff''.  p. 42.</ref>  In 1905 a Coastal Defence section was added to the War Division.
  
 
In 1902 the Naval staff of the Department consisted of one Director, three Assistant Directors, five Commanders or Lieutenants, five Royal Marines officers, and one Fleet Paymaster for "recruiting duties."  The clerical staff comprised one Clerk and one Staff Clerk from the Higher Division, and one Clerk, Higher Grade, and five Clerks from the Second Division, and two draughtsmen.<ref>''Navy Estimates for the Year 1902-1903''.  p. 163.</ref>
 
In 1902 the Naval staff of the Department consisted of one Director, three Assistant Directors, five Commanders or Lieutenants, five Royal Marines officers, and one Fleet Paymaster for "recruiting duties."  The clerical staff comprised one Clerk and one Staff Clerk from the Higher Division, and one Clerk, Higher Grade, and five Clerks from the Second Division, and two draughtsmen.<ref>''Navy Estimates for the Year 1902-1903''.  p. 163.</ref>
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</div name=fredbot:office0>
 
</div name=fredbot:office0>
  
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==Assistant Directors of Naval Intelligence, Mobilisation Section==
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==Assistant Directors of Naval Intelligence, 1887&ndash;1902==
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===Mobilisation Section===
 
<div name=fredbot:office1 otitle="Assistant Director of Naval Intelligence, Mobilisation Section" nat="UK">{{TenureListBegin|Assistant Director of Naval Intelligence, Mobilisation Section}}
 
<div name=fredbot:office1 otitle="Assistant Director of Naval Intelligence, Mobilisation Section" nat="UK">{{TenureListBegin|Assistant Director of Naval Intelligence, Mobilisation Section}}
 
{{Tenure|rank=Captain|name=Reginald Neville Custance|nick=Reginald N. Custance|appt=1 February, 1887<ref>Custance Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/38.}}  f. 275.</ref>}}
 
{{Tenure|rank=Captain|name=Reginald Neville Custance|nick=Reginald N. Custance|appt=1 February, 1887<ref>Custance Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/38.}}  f. 275.</ref>}}
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</div name=fredbot:office1>
 
</div name=fredbot:office1>
  
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==Assistant Directors of Naval Intelligence, Foreign Section==
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===Foreign Section===
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<div name=fredbot:office2 otitle="Assistant Director of Naval Intelligence, Foreign Section" nat="UK">{{TenureListBegin|Assistant Director of Naval Intelligence, Foreign Section}}
 
<div name=fredbot:office2 otitle="Assistant Director of Naval Intelligence, Foreign Section" nat="UK">{{TenureListBegin|Assistant Director of Naval Intelligence, Foreign Section}}
 
{{Tenure|rank=Captain|name=Sydney Marow Eardley Wilmot|nick=Sydney M. Eardley Wilmot|appt=1 February, 1887<ref>Eardley Wilmot Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/39.}}  f. 1409.</ref>}}
 
{{Tenure|rank=Captain|name=Sydney Marow Eardley Wilmot|nick=Sydney M. Eardley Wilmot|appt=1 February, 1887<ref>Eardley Wilmot Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/39.}}  f. 1409.</ref>}}
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</div name=fredbot:office2>
 
</div name=fredbot:office2>
  
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==Assistant Directors of Naval Intelligence, 1900-1912==
 
===Heads of Mobilisation Division===
 
===Heads of Mobilisation Division===
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<div name=fredbot:office3 otitle="Head of Mobilisation Division" nat="UK">{{TenureListBegin|Head of Mobilisation Division}}
 
<div name=fredbot:office3 otitle="Head of Mobilisation Division" nat="UK">{{TenureListBegin|Head of Mobilisation Division}}
 
{{Tenure|rank=Captain|name=Frederick Samuel Inglefield|nick=Frederick S. Inglefield|appt=12 November, 1902<ref>Inglefield Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/19.}}  f. 473.</ref>|end=10 February, 1904<ref>Inglefield Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/19.}}  f. 473.</ref>}}
 
{{Tenure|rank=Captain|name=Frederick Samuel Inglefield|nick=Frederick S. Inglefield|appt=12 November, 1902<ref>Inglefield Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/19.}}  f. 473.</ref>|end=10 February, 1904<ref>Inglefield Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/19.}}  f. 473.</ref>}}
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===Heads of War Division===
 
===Heads of War Division===
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<div name=fredbot:office4 otitle="Head of War Division" nat="UK">{{TenureListBegin|Head of War Division}}
 
<div name=fredbot:office4 otitle="Head of War Division" nat="UK">{{TenureListBegin|Head of War Division}}
 
{{Tenure|rank={{CaptRN}}|name=Herbert Leopold Heath|nick=Herbert L. Heath|appt=12 September, 1900<ref>Heath Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}}  f. 200.</ref>|end=18 December, 1903<ref>Heath Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}}  f. 200.</ref>}}
 
{{Tenure|rank={{CaptRN}}|name=Herbert Leopold Heath|nick=Herbert L. Heath|appt=12 September, 1900<ref>Heath Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}}  f. 200.</ref>|end=18 December, 1903<ref>Heath Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}}  f. 200.</ref>}}
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===Heads of Foreign Division===
 
===Heads of Foreign Division===
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<div name=fredbot:office5 otitle="Head of Foreign Division" nat="UK">{{TenureListBegin|Head of Foreign Division}}
 
<div name=fredbot:office5 otitle="Head of Foreign Division" nat="UK">{{TenureListBegin|Head of Foreign Division}}
 
{{Tenure|rank=Captain|name=Stuart Nicholson|nick=Stuart Nicholson|appt=17 October, 1902<ref>''Naval Intelligence Department.  Distribution of Work.&mdash;March 1905''.  {{TNA|ADM 231/45.}}  p. 3.</ref>|end=20 March, 1906<ref>''Naval Intelligence Department.  Distribution of Work.&mdash;March 1905''.  {{TNA|ADM 231/45.}}  p. 3.</ref>}}
 
{{Tenure|rank=Captain|name=Stuart Nicholson|nick=Stuart Nicholson|appt=17 October, 1902<ref>''Naval Intelligence Department.  Distribution of Work.&mdash;March 1905''.  {{TNA|ADM 231/45.}}  p. 3.</ref>|end=20 March, 1906<ref>''Naval Intelligence Department.  Distribution of Work.&mdash;March 1905''.  {{TNA|ADM 231/45.}}  p. 3.</ref>}}
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===Heads of Trade Division===
 
===Heads of Trade Division===
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<div name=fredbot:office6 otitle="Head of Trade Division" nat="UK">{{TenureListBegin|Head of Trade Division}}
 
<div name=fredbot:office6 otitle="Head of Trade Division" nat="UK">{{TenureListBegin|Head of Trade Division}}
 
{{Tenure|rank=Captain|name=Edward Fitzmaurice Inglefield|nick=Edward F. Inglefield|appt=16 September, 1901<ref>Inglefield Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/38.}}  f. 698.</ref><ref>''Naval Intelligence Department.  Distribution of Work.&mdash;March 1905''.  {{TNA|ADM 231/45.}}  p. 1.</ref>|note=temporary, made permanent on 28 July, 1902}}
 
{{Tenure|rank=Captain|name=Edward Fitzmaurice Inglefield|nick=Edward F. Inglefield|appt=16 September, 1901<ref>Inglefield Service Record.  {{TNA|ADM 196/38.}}  f. 698.</ref><ref>''Naval Intelligence Department.  Distribution of Work.&mdash;March 1905''.  {{TNA|ADM 231/45.}}  p. 1.</ref>|note=temporary, made permanent on 28 July, 1902}}

Revision as of 19:17, 12 August 2014

The Naval Intelligence Department was a department of the Admiralty from 1887 to 1912. It was constituted from the Foreign Intelligence Committee. By 1909 it had evolved into a de facto naval staff. In the wake of the Fisher-Beresford feud part of its war planning and mobilisation duties were split away into the Naval Mobilisation Department. In 1912 it became a division of the Admiralty War Staff.

History

The Department as founded was headed by a Director of Naval Intelligence. It was composed of two sections, each under an Assistant Director of Naval Intelligence. Section I under Captain Sydney M. Eardley-Wilmot, absorbed the duties of the Foreign Intelligence Committee. Section II under Captain Reginald N. Custance was responsible for drawing up schemes of mobilisation.[1]

The duties of the Department as defined in June, 1888, were:

1. Compilation and Issue to the Board and the Fleet of all information relating to maritime matters likely to be of use in war.
2. Preparation and Revision of a plan of Naval Mobilization.

3. When directed, the preparation of plans of Naval Campaign.

N.B.—The functions of the Intelligence Department are purely advisory, and in no sense executive.[2]

In March, 1900, a third Assistant Director was appointed in charge of a new section, called the Defence Division, later the War Division. Prince Louis of Battenberg described its duties in a letter to Sir John Fisher as "[dealing] with the plans of campaign and our strategy for peace and war, and as a matter of course its Head works more directly under the D.N.I. Until it was established the D.N.I. had no understudy for this important branch, and he was forced to do all this personally."[3] In 1902 a Trade Division under a fourth Assistant Director was added to consider the defence of British trade during War.[4] In 1905 a Coastal Defence section was added to the War Division.

In 1902 the Naval staff of the Department consisted of one Director, three Assistant Directors, five Commanders or Lieutenants, five Royal Marines officers, and one Fleet Paymaster for "recruiting duties." The clerical staff comprised one Clerk and one Staff Clerk from the Higher Division, and one Clerk, Higher Grade, and five Clerks from the Second Division, and two draughtsmen.[5]

Distributions of work for the Department have survived for the years 1905,[6] 1906,[7] and 1907,[8] and one for June, 1911, exists in much-altered form.[9]

Directors of Naval Intelligence

Dates of appointment given:

Assistant Directors of Naval Intelligence, 1887–1902

Mobilisation Section

Foreign Section

Assistant Directors of Naval Intelligence, 1900-1912

Heads of Mobilisation Division

Heads of War Division

Heads of Foreign Division

Heads of Trade Division

See Also

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Allen. Origins of the Naval Intelligence Department. p. 73.
  2. ↑ "Table of Distribution of Business. Admiralty." p. 10. Copy in Greene Papers. National Maritime Museum. GEE/2.
  3. ↑ Battenberg to Fisher. Letter of 11 February, 1902. Quoted in Kerr. p. 162.
  4. ↑ Naval Staff. p. 42.
  5. ↑ Navy Estimates for the Year 1902-1903. p. 163.
  6. ↑ "Naval Intelligence Department. Distribution of Work.—March 1905." The National Archives. ADM 231/45.
  7. ↑ "Naval Intelligence Department. Distribution of Work.—February 1906." The National Archives. ADM 231/47.
  8. ↑ "Naval Intelligence Department. Distribution of Work.—April 1907."The National Archives. ADM 231/50.
  9. ↑ "Naval Intelligence Department. Distribution of Work.—June 1911." In docket dated 25 March, 1912, entitled "Distribution of Work of Admiralty War Staff." The National Archives. ADM 1/8272.
  10. ↑ Hall Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/36. f. 566.
  11. ↑ The Naval Staff of the Admiralty. p. 121.
  12. ↑ Ottley Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/39. f. 988.
  13. ↑ Custance Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/38. f. 275.
  14. ↑ Hammill Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/38. f. 572.
  15. ↑ Barrow Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/38. f. 65.
  16. ↑ "Naval & Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). The Times. Tuesday, 26 March, 1895. Issue 34534, col E, p. 10.
  17. ↑ Barrow Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/38. f. 65.
  18. ↑ Milford Haven Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/38. f. 59.
  19. ↑ Eardley Wilmot Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/39. f. 1409.
  20. ↑ Bourke Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/38. f. 133.
  21. ↑ Curzon-Howe Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/38. f. 276.
  22. ↑ Barry Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/38. f. 64.
  23. ↑ Dicken Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/38. f. 327.
  24. ↑ Lowry Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/39. f. 800.
  25. ↑ Sturdee Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/39. f. 1256.
  26. ↑ Inglefield Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/19. f. 473.
  27. ↑ Inglefield Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/19. f. 473.
  28. ↑ Briggs Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/20. f. 654.
  29. ↑ Briggs Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/20. f. 654.
  30. ↑ Ottley Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/20. f. 56.
  31. ↑ Vaughan-Lee Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 441.
  32. ↑ Naval Intelligence Department. Distribution of Work.—March 1905. The National Archives. ADM 231/45. p. 1.
  33. ↑ Vaughan-Lee Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 441.
  34. ↑ Naval Intelligence Department. Distribution of Work.—March 1905. The National Archives. ADM 231/45. p. 1.
  35. ↑ Haworth-Booth Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/20. f. 672.
  36. ↑ Naval Intelligence Department. Distribution of Work.—February 1906. The National Archives. ADM 231/47. p. 1.
  37. ↑ Haworth-Booth Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/20. f. 672.
  38. ↑ Naval Intelligence Department. Distribution of Work.—February 1906. The National Archives. ADM 231/47. p. 1.
  39. ↑ Culme-Seymour Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 477.
  40. ↑ Culme-Seymour Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 477.
  41. ↑ Heath Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 200.
  42. ↑ Heath Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 200.
  43. ↑ Ballard Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 65.
  44. ↑ Naval Intelligence Department. Distribution of Work.—March 1905. The National Archives. ADM 231/45. p. 2.
  45. ↑ Ballard Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 65.
  46. ↑ Naval Intelligence Department. Distribution of Work.—March 1905. The National Archives. ADM 231/45. p. 2.
  47. ↑ Naval Intelligence Department. Distribution of Work.—February 1906. The National Archives. ADM 231/47. p. 2.
  48. ↑ Jones Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 256.
  49. ↑ Naval Intelligence Department. Distribution of Work.—February 1906. The National Archives. ADM 231/47. p. 2.
  50. ↑ Jones Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 256.
  51. ↑ Brock Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 49.
  52. ↑ Brock Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 49.
  53. ↑ Hulbert Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 168.
  54. ↑ Hulbert Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 168.
  55. ↑ Naval Intelligence Department. Distribution of Work.—March 1905. The National Archives. ADM 231/45. p. 3.
  56. ↑ Naval Intelligence Department. Distribution of Work.—March 1905. The National Archives. ADM 231/45. p. 3.
  57. ↑ Naval Intelligence Department. Distribution of Work.—April 1907. The National Archives. ADM 231/50. p. 3.
  58. ↑ Naval Intelligence Department. Distribution of Work.—April 1907. The National Archives. ADM 231/50. p. 3.
  59. ↑ Grant Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 216.
  60. ↑ Grant Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 216.
  61. ↑ Jackson Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 496.
  62. ↑ Jackson Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 496.
  63. ↑ Inglefield Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/38. f. 698.
  64. ↑ Naval Intelligence Department. Distribution of Work.—March 1905. The National Archives. ADM 231/45. p. 1.
  65. ↑ Naval Intelligence Department. Distribution of Work.—February 1906. The National Archives. ADM 231/47. p. 2.
  66. ↑ Naval Intelligence Department. Distribution of Work.—February 1906. The National Archives. ADM 231/47. p. 2.
  67. ↑ Naval Intelligence Department. Distribution of Work.—February 1906. The National Archives. ADM 231/47. p. 4.
  68. ↑ Naval Intelligence Department. Distribution of Work.—February 1906. The National Archives. ADM 231/47. p. 4.
  69. ↑ Naval Intelligence Department. Distribution of Work.—April 1908. The National Archives. ADM 231/50. p. 4.
  70. ↑ Naval Intelligence Department. Distribution of Work.—April 1908. The National Archives. ADM 231/50. p. 4.

Bibliography

  • Allen, Matthew (February 1995). "The Foreign Intelligence Committee and the Origins of the Naval Intelligence Department of the Admiralty". The Mariner's Mirror 81 (1): pp. 65-78.
  • Kerr, Mark (1934). Prince Louis of Battenberg: Admiral of the Fleet. London: Longmans, Green and Co..
  • Naval Staff, Training and Staff Duties Division (1929). The Naval Staff of the Admiralty. Its Work and Development. B.R. 1845 (late C.B. 3013). Copy No. 8 at The National Archives. ADM 234/434.

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